14102 studies
Bacterial meningitis is characterized by an inflammation of the meninges and continues to be an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Meningeal cells cover the cerebral surface and are involved in the first interaction between pathogens and the…
LL-37 is a broad-spectrum human antimicrobial peptide in the cathelicidin family. Potency assays in the form of minimal inhibitory concentration and vesicle leakage indicate that the single-tryptophan mutants, F6W and F17W, are as effective at killin…
Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with increased rates of infection. Since the early 19th century, both environmental (i.e., sunlight) and dietary sources (cod liver) of vitamin D have been identified as treatments for TB. The recent discovery…
Human gammadelta T cells rapidly secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to T cell receptor-dependent recognition of pyrophosphates produced by many bacteria and parasites. In further support of an important role of gammadelta T cells in the i…
LL-37 is a human host defence peptide that has a wide range of biological functions, including antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. This review summarises how molecular structure influences the balance between the immunomodulatory and antim…
Bactericidal activities of neutrophils occur by two distinctive mechanisms that are oxygen-dependent and -independent. Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide 18 (hCAP18), also known as LL-37/FALL-39, is a neutrophil-specific granule protein. We com…
The primary features of the epidemiology of septicemia in the United States include highest rates in winter and the Northeast, lowest in fall and in the West; higher rates among African Americans than white Americans; a rapid increase in incidence wi…
The cathelicidin LL-37 is an antimicrobial and lipopolysaccharide neutralizing peptide, possessing pro-inflammatory, tissue repair and remodeling activities. Recent reports indicate that the progression of COPD might be connected with increased level…
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to visualize and localize the sheep antimicrobials, beta-defensins 1, 2, and 3, (SBD-1, SBD-2, SBD-3), sheep neutrophil defensin alpha (SNP-1), and the cathelicidin LL-37 in sheep small intestine after burn injury…
BACKGROUND: Little information is available the role of Nitric Oxide (NO) in host defenses during human tuberculosis (TB) infection. We investigated the modulating factor(s) affecting NO synthase (iNOS) induction in human macrophages. METHODS: Both i…
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D has been reported to regulate innate immunity by controlling the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effect of calcipotriol on the expression of AMPs in human cultured keratinocytes. METHO…
Deaths during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic have been linked to both the influenza virus and secondary bacterial lung infections. Case fatality rates and percentage of influenza cases complicated by pneumonia were available from survey data for tw…
This study examines whether maternal vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for infantile autism disease (IAD). We used epidemiologic data seasonal variation of birth rates and prevalence of IAD for cohorts born before 1985. For seven studies reportin…
Bovine aortic endothelial cells (ECs) respond to nitric oxide (NO) donors by activating the redox-sensitive NF-E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element pathway and up-regulating heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression. EC exposure to steady laminar…
A large body of evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). A number of antioxidants have been effective in animal models of PD. We have developed a family of mito…
The H-reflex is one of the most common and useful techniques in the field of motor control. However, the H-reflex technique also involves difficulty in data interpretation when stimulus intensity is high enough to stimulate both sensory and motor fib…
It was established that semax and mexidol significantly reduced neurological deficiency and increased the survival in rats with model brain ischemia induced by the bilateral ligation of common carotid arteries. Mexidol exhibited a linear dose-effect…
Peptide drug semax with nootropic properties did not change the heart rate variability in rats in the morning, but produced a significant optimizing action and attenuated the stress-induced sympathetic influences on the heart in the evening. It is su…
PURPOSE: One purpose of this study was to examine if expression of the thymosin beta(10 )(TB10), thymosin beta(4) (TB4), and VEGF165 isoform genes would change in response to hypoxia in monkey choroidal retinal endothelial cells (RF/6A). We also soug…