14102 studies
The human body produces two classes of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), namely defensins and cathelicidins. In this study, a novel decapeptide (Catoid) and its dimer (Dicatoid) based on human cathelicidin (LL-37) have been designed by bioinformatics to…
The primary defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) is abnormal chloride and bicarbonate transport in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) epithelial ion channel. The apical surface of the respiratory tract is lined by an airway surf…
HNP1, LL-37, and HBD1 are antimicrobial against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 at the standard inoculum but less active at higher inocula. The virtual colony count (VCC) microbiological assay was adapted for high inocula and the addition of yeast tRNA…
BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a prevalent complication after extremely preterm birth. Inflammation with mechanical ventilation may contribute to its development. Whether hydrocortisone treatment after the second postnatal week can improve…
PURPOSE: Global and regional liver function assessments are important for defining the magnitude and spatial distribution of dose to preserve functional liver parenchyma and reduce incidence of hepatotoxicity from radiation therapy for intrahepatic c…
Purpose To evaluate interobserver variability in the morphologic tumor response assessment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) managed with systemic therapy and to assess the relation of morphologic response with gene mutation status, targeted ther…
Detailed accounts of long-term respiratory complications among children with acute flaccid myelitis have not been reported systematically. We describe respiratory complications and outcomes in a single-center cohort of 19 children with acute flaccid…
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterize the natural history and standard-of-care practices between the radiologic appearance of brain lesions, the appearance of lesional enhancement, and treatment with hematopoietic stem-cell transplant…
BACKGROUND: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is an important cause of death as well as long-term disability in survivors. Erythropoietin has been hypothesized to have neuroprotective effects in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, bu…
Pathogenic variants in thegene cause adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), a progressive metabolic disorder characterized by 3 core clinical syndromes: a slowly progressive myeloneuropathy, a rapidly progressive inflammatory leukodystrophy (cerebral ALD), and…
After initial strategies targeting inotropism and congestion, the neurohormonal interpretative model of heart failure (HF) pathophysiology has set the basis for current pharmacological management of HF, as most of guideline recommended drug classes,…
Barth syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal X-linked disease characterized by cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle weakness, growth delays, and cyclic neutropenia. Patients with Barth syndrome are prone to high risk of mortality in infancy and the deve…
Barth Syndrome is an X-linked disorder of mitochondrial cardiolipin metabolism caused by pathogenic variants in TAFAZZIN with pleiotropic effects including cardiomyopathy, neutropenia, growth delay, and skeletal myopathy. Management requires a multid…
The use of biomass for cooking and heating is considered an important factor associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but few studies have previously addressed its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate…
Age-related visual decline and disease due to neural dysfunction are major sources of disability that have resisted effective treatment. In light of evidence that visual impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction advance with age, we characterized age-…
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical disorder associated with decline in renal function because of ischemic and nephrotoxic insults. The pathophysiology of AKI involves multiple cellular mechanisms, such as kidney parenchymal cell (epitheli…
Pregnancy is proposed to aggravate cyst progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) but Tolvaptan, the only FDA-approved drug for adult ADPKD, is not recommended for pregnant ADPKD patients because of potential fetal harm. Sin…
Although currently employed therapies for heart failure decrease overall mortality and improve patient quality of life temporarily, the disease is known to progress even for patients who receive all guideline-recommended therapies. This indicates tha…
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring function of the failing heart by targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), ion handling, and substrate utilization for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. RECENT…
AIM: To investigate the effects of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants (mitoAOXs) on glycaemic control, cardiovascular health, and oxidative stress outcomes in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trials investigating mitoAOX interven…