A GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
Incretin-based therapies have revolutionised the management of metabolic disorders, transitioning from DPP-4 inhibitors to advanced GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and next-generation dual and triple agonists. This review explores the evolving rol…
INTRODUCTION: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely used for weight management and type 2 diabetes, but reports of reduced skin laxity and volume have raised aesthetic concerns. This study evaluates the first integrated ski…
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), including long-acting semaglutide, are revolutionary anti-obesity therapies. However, emerging evidence indicates that weight loss may come at the expense of skeletal muscle mass, a tissue essent…
OBJECTIVES: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), such as semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, and exenatide, are increasingly used to treat type 2 diabetes and support weight loss. These agents function by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secret…
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus and weight management, with growing off-label use in young adults. While GLP-1RAs are generally well tolerated, emerging evidence suggests p…
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence continues to rise along with obesity and diabetes, driving substantial medical, psychosocial, and economic burdens for patients. Beyond glycemic control and the recommended therapies of ACEI/ARB, SGLT2 inhibitor…
INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a critical public health crisis in Pakistan, which currently holds the highest age-standardised prevalence globally. While semaglutide significantly improves glycemic control and weight, high costs limit access…
BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy represent two major strategies for the treatment of obesity. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most widely performed surgical procedure and is supported by long-term evidence, while semaglutide, a glucag…
: Over the last two decades, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have dramatically improved the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Currently, little is known about the use of semaglutide (a second-generation GLP-1 recep…
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Tirzepatide is widely prescribed and generally considered safe. The objective of this report is to describe a patient with tirzepatide-induced liver injury and increase awareness of this rare complication. CASE REPORT: A 60-year…
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Initial dose-escalation has been shown to mitigate gastrointestinal adverse events in people treated with incretin-based medications. We aimed to analyse dose-response relationships for the proportion of study participants reporting…
Motivation plays a fundamental role in human behaviour. Dopaminergic pathways have long been implicated in individual differences in motivation. Emerging evidence suggests such neural mechanisms interact with metabolic processes to coordinate energy…
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent observational studies have reported conflicting evidence regarding an association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), particularly semaglutide, and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuro…
Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) that has demonstrated metabolic and weight benefits in diabetic and obese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are not on dialysis; however, evidence in the hemodialysis (H…
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Little is known about glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) use in multiple sclerosis. We described the frequency and characteristics associated with use. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of NARCOMS Registry…
Limited available data indicate that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) medications may significantly reduce weight and binge-eating symptoms among patients with binge-eating disorder. However, experts express concern about the potential for GLP-1 medic…
: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have advanced the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet their association with cancer risk remains subject of ongoing research. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a well-established risk f…
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are widely prevalent and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Current treatments have limited efficacy and there are no United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatments for sever…
OBJECTIVE: Oral semaglutide contains salcaprozate sodium, which promotes the opening of epithelial tight junctions and increases gastric pH to prevent its degradation; these actions together improve absorption. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase…
Currently, GLP-1RAs are peptide drugs, typically administered by injection due to insufficient absorption, and only one GLP-1RA, semaglutide, is available as an orally administered drug. To overcome the absorption challenges of oral peptides, this dr…