14102 studies
PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and/or function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in dry eye inflammation. METHODS: Experimental dry eye (EDE) was induced in C57BL/6 mice and TLR mRNA and protein expression were d…
LL-37/hCAP-18, as the only human cathelicidin, plays an important role in inflammation. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is an important bacterial component of Staphylococcus aureus, which is one of the common human pathogens for severe respiratory infection…
The α-chemokine CXCL12 (stromal derived factor-1; SDF-1) and its corresponding G(αI) protein-coupled CXCR4 receptor axis play an important role in retention of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) in bone marrow (BM) stem cell niches. CXCL12 h…
LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide produced by human cells that can down-regulate the lipopolysaccharide-induced innate immune responses and up-regulate double-stranded (ds) RNA-induced innate responses through Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). The murine…
BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids are widely regarded as the most effective treatment for asthma. However, the direct impact of glucocorticoids on the innate immune system and antibacterial host defense during asthma remain unclear. Understanding the mecha…
New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1(NDM-1)-carrying isolates, which are resistant to most clinical used antibiotics except for tigecycline and colistin, have been found worldwide. Cathelicidin-BF (BF-30) is found in the venom of the snake Bungarus fas…
A series of ultrashort lipopeptides and lipopeptoids were tested for their ability to induce cytokine production in macrophages. Fourteen compounds were found to strongly induce production of chemokines Groα and IL-8, with a structural bias that was…
Thick-lipped lenok, Brachymystax lenok is one of the ancient fish species in China and northeast Asia countries. Due to the overfishing, the population of lenok has been declined significantly. Cathelicidins are innate immune effectors that possess b…
The first step that precedes hematopoietic transplantation is elimination of pathological hematopoiesis by administration of myeloablative doses of radiochemotherapy. This eliminates hematolymphopoietic cells and at the same time damages hematopoieti…
Cathelicidins form a family of small host defense peptides distinct from another class of cationic antimicrobial peptides, the defensins. They are expressed as large precursor molecules with a highly conserved pro-domain known as the cathelin-like do…
The human antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37 has, besides its antimicrobial properties, also been shown to regulate apoptosis in a cell type-specific manner. Mechanisms involved in LL-37-regulated apoptotic signaling are not identified. Here, w…
Tumor-associated macrophages have been shown to promote tumor growth. They may have an obligatory function in angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis through release of inflammatory mediators. Their presence in ovarian cancer has been correlated with…
BACKGROUND: 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) up-regulates the production of human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) from monocytes/macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tbc). CAMP facilitates the co-localization of a…
Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy of single, growing Bacillus subtilis cells with 2-12s time resolution reveals the mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) action on a Gram-positive species with unprecedented detail. For the human cathelicidin LL-…
CONTEXT: Vitamin D has regulatory effects on innate and adaptive immunity. Curiously, hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) patients show no increased incidence of infectious or autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to in…
The beneficial effects of certain herbal medicines on cutaneous function have been appreciated for centuries. Among these agents, chrysanthemum extract, apigenin, has been used for skin care, particularly in China, for millennia. However, the underly…
The goal of the current study was to identify proteins in goat milk before and at 18 h following intramammary challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Initial evaluation of protein profiles generated using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis on skim mi…
Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, is frequently associated with metabolic disorders, suggesting that adipokines are involved in its pathogenesis. We recently reported that the adipokine visfatin activates NF-κB and STAT3 in keratinocytes.…
We have previously shown that the gene for MaeuCath1, a cathelicidin secreted in wallaby milk is alternately spliced into two variants, MaeuCath1a and MaeuCath1b which are temporally regulated in order to provide antimicrobial protection to the newbo…
Early activation of the innate immune response is important for protection against infection with Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) in mice. The human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is known to have immunomodulatory propertie…