The only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, playing key roles in innate immune defense, wound healing, and modulation of inflammatory responses.
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis remains a global threat and a public health problem that has eluded attempts to eradicate it. Low vitamin D levels have been identified as a risk factor for tuberculosis infection and disease. The human cathelicidin LL-37 has…
Antimicrobial peptides play a crucial role in the innate immune system of multicellular organisms. LL-37 is the only known member of the human cathelicidin family. As well as possessing antibacterial properties, it is actively involved in various phy…
During passage through the human gastrointestinal tract, enterohemorrhagic(EHEC) is exposed to membrane-damaging bile in the small intestine. We previously reported that EHEC treatment with a physiological bile salt mixture upregulates, encoding a tw…
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), α- and β-defensins, possess antiviral properties. These AMPs achieve viral inhibition through different mechanisms of action. For example, they can: (i) bind directly to virions; (ii) bind to and modulate host cell-surf…
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an underdiagnosed entity with a broad impact on the quality of life. Although the pathogenesis is largely unknown, autoimmune footprints of the inflammation in PsA have increasingly been recognized. Most of the genetic va…
Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a chronic dermatitis characterized by sterile intra-epidermal pustules associated with erythema and scales on the palms and soles. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 inflammatory pathway may be in…
As the international space community plans for manned missions to Mars, spaceflight-associated immune dysregulation has been identified as a potential risk to the health and safety of the flight crew. There is a need to determine whether salivary ant…
Keratinocytes, the main cells of the epidermis, are the first site of replication as well as the first line of defense against many viruses such as arboviruses, enteroviruses, herpes viruses, human papillomaviruses, or vaccinia virus. During viral re…
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is associated with gut dysbiosis and hepatic inflammasome activation. While it is known that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a critical role in the regulation of bacterial homeostasis in ALD, the functional role of AM…
CATH-2TP5 is a linear cationic hybrid peptide, consequent from naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide (AMPs) Cathelicidin-2 (CATH-2) and Immunomodulatory peptide Thymopentin (TP5) having dynamic and potent anti-inflammatory activities without hemo…
, an important emerging pathogen of nosocomial infections, is known for its ability to form biofilms. Biofilm formation increases the survival rate ofon dry surfaces and may contribute to its persistence in the hospital environment, which increases t…
Yeast culture (YC) positively affects the performance of laying hens. The purpose of the present study was to explore the underlying mechanism for the YC-mediated performance improvement. Sixty 67-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly allo…
Maintenance of the commensal bacteria that comprise the gut microbiome is essential to both gut and systemic health. Traumatic injury, such as burn, elicits a number of changes in the gut, including a shift in the composition of the microbiome (dysbi…
Sepsis, which is characterized by multiple organ dysfunctions as a result of an unbalanced host-inflammatory response to pathogens, is potentially a life-threatening condition and a major cause of death in the intensive care units (ICUs). However, ef…
INTRODUCTION: There have been limited advances in the treatment of bone and joint infections, which currently involves a combination of surgery and antibiotic administration. There is a timely need in orthopedics to develop more effective and less in…
Response regulators are a critical part of the two-component system of gene expression regulation in bacteria, transferring a signal from a sensor kinase into DNA binding activity resulting in alteration of gene expression. In this study, we investig…
SCOPE: Vitamin Dis a critical molecule for the properly controlled activity of the immune system. In myeloid-derived cells, vitamin Dinduces the production of the antimicrobial and antitumor peptide cathelicidin. In this study, the mechanism of the e…
Comparisons of infectivity among the clinically important nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species have not been explored in great depth. Rapid-growing mycobacteria, includingand, can cause indolent but progressive lung disease. Slow-growing members…
Neuroinflammation is involved in the progression or secondary injury of multiple brain conditions, including stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Alarmins, also known as damage-associated molecular patterns, are released in the presence of neuroinf…
The abuse of antibiotics and the consequent increase of drug-resistant bacteria constitute a serious threat to human health, and new antibiotics are urgently needed. Research shows that antimicrobial peptides produced by natural organisms are potenti…