Analysis of sagittal spinopelvic parameters in patients with low back pain: Correlation with demographic factors and spinal alignment.

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is a debilitating condition with multifactorial etiology. Sagittal spinopelvic parameters play a crucial role in sagittal balance, and alterations lead to various spinal ailments, causing LBP. RATIONALE: This study aims to analyze sagittal spinopelvic parameters (SPP) in patients with LBP and the relationship between LBP, demographic factors, and abnormal SPP. Aging and higher BMI are associated with changes in SPP and increased mechanical stress. Understanding pelvic parameters and their interplay with spinal alignment can help understand proper body mechanics to alleviate symptoms and improve functional outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 200 patients, aged 18-59 years, visiting the Orthopaedics department with LBP for a minimum of 3 months without spine, hip, or pelvic disorders. SPP was measured on lateral view X-rays of the lumbosacral (LS) spine. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). RESULTS: The study included 102 males and 98 females. Average SPP were PI-40.16 (M: 39.67, F: 40.62), PT-12.02 (M: 12.25, F: 11.78), SS-28.14 (M: 27.42, F: 28.84), and LL-37.57 (M: 37.17, F: 38.15). ODI averaged 24.57 and VAS 6.07. While some differences were observed between genders in SPP and symptom severity, overall, the correlation of spinal sagittal alignment with pain (VAS) and disability (ODI) remained positive. CONCLUSION: SPP correlates with the presence and severity of LBP. Changes in these parameters can lead to either improvement or worsening of LBP. Routine measurement of these parameters can enhance treatment strategies, focusing on etiological rather than symptomatic treatment.