Investigates the relationship between vitamin D status and thymosin β4 and CD4+ T-cell levels in 35 subjects stratified by 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Vitamin D-deficient subjects showed significantly reduced TB4 and CD4+ T-cell counts compared to vitamin D-sufficient controls. Identifies vitamin D status as a modulator of TB4 expression—complementing the vitamin A/TB4 study (PMID 30647705) and suggesting that multiple micronutrient pathways regulate TB4-dependent immune competence through hormonal signaling.
Sibaii, Hiba; El-Zayat, Salwa Refat; El-Shaheed, Azza Abd; Mahfouz, Nermine N; Sallam, Sara F; El Azma, Marwa H