A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and obesity.
INTRODUCTION: Tirzepatide is a once-weekly dual agonist, acting on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors. It is approved at the same doses (5, 10 and 15 mg) for both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and…
OBJECTIVE: Infiltration of adipocytes into the pancreatic parenchyma has been linked to impaired insulin secretion in individuals with increased genetic risk of T2D and prediabetic conditions. However, the study of this ectopic fat depot has been lim…
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder characterized by repeated, com-plete, and partial upper airway blockage, which results in disturbances in sleep patterns, neurocog-nitive functions, and hypoxemia. It is strongly linked to obesity…
BACKGROUND: Obesity and associated metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome are rising globally, contributing to infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review synthesizes current evidence on pharmac…
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder with major cardiometabolic and neurocognitive sequelae. It affects up to 1 billion people globally and is frequently attributable to excess weight [1]. Tirzepatide is a once-weekly, dual…
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is defined by excessive hepatic lipid accumulation. This study evaluated the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, in treat…
BACKGROUND: Tirzepatide is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of type 2 diabetes. The efficacy and safety of this drug have not been studied in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS: In this singl…
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There is limited data about tirzepatide's (TZP) efficacy for weight loss in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the US Collaborative Network in patients with I…
Cardiometabolic diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature mortality and disability worldwide, arising from of cardiovascular and metabolic dysregulation. This review focuses on six critical therapeutic targets established in cardiometabolic…
We present the case of a 66-year-old woman who developed weakness, nausea, and vomiting accompanied by markedly elevated creatine kinase levels after first treatment with an increased dose of tirzepatide. Laboratory findings were consistent with rhab…
Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to be a global world health problem. Despite medical advances, both DM and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain global health issues with high mortality and limited options to prevent end-stage renal failure. Current t…
The α-ketoacid-hydroxylamine (KAHA) ligation enables the chemoselective coupling of unprotected peptide segments. The most commonly used hydroxylamine building block, ()-5-oxaproline, yields homoserine residues at ligation sites, limiting application…
AIM: Obesity is a global epidemic. The FDA has approved glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists such as Liraglutide, Semaglutide, and the GLP-1/gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) dual agonist Tirzepatide for the treatment of obesity. Clin…
Obesity management is complex; medications must be used in conjunction with behavioural changes and monitoring by health professionals. Injectable drugs for weight management include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (e.g. liraglutide…
INTRODUCTION: Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injectable dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. GIP and GLP-1 are incretins promoting insulin release from pancreatic β-cells…
BACKGROUND: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relation between tirzepatide exposure and the risk of adverse cardiovascular or renal events in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or obesity. METHODS: A comprehensive search was con…
OBJECTIVE: Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and diabetes mellitus have significantly higher rates of cardiovascular mortality. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA)-such as tirzepatide and semaglutide-have been shown to d…
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate real-world hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and weight change in adults initiating treatment with tirzepatide (dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist [GLP-1 RA]) or injectable se…