A synthetic peptide fragment of thymosin beta-4, researched for wound healing and tissue repair.
The immunomodulatory effects of thymosins on the Ag-presenting capacity of macrophages were investigated. Using an in vitro antigen (Ag)-specific macrophage-dependent T-cell proliferation system, we found that both thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1) and th…
We have identified a new thymosin beta 4-like peptide in pork spleen. The new peptide (12 mg) and thymosin beta 4 (33 mg) were isolated from 230 g of spleen by solid phase extraction, preparative isoelectric focusing, and HPLC. The new peptide was te…
An analog of thymosin beta Xen4 isolated from oocytes of Xenopus laevis, deacetyl-thymosin beta Xen4, was synthesized by assembling 6 peptide fragments, followed by deprotection with 1 M trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-thioanisole (molar ratio, 1:1) in…
In order to obtain specific antibodies against thymosin beta 9 showing minimal cross-reactivity with the highly homologous peptide thymosin beta 4, the N-terminal fragment 1-14 of thymosin beta 9 was used for immunization. These antibodies have been…
We employed an immunocytochemical method to examine human brain for the presence of immunoreactive thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1), a peptide derivative of thymic tissue, using a well-characterized antiserum. For cell identification, serial sections wer…
We have produced thymosin beta 4 protein in Escherichia coli as a chimeric protein with tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The protein was abundantly expressed, was immunoreactive against both anti-thymosin beta 4 and anti-TNF antibodies, and retained cyto…
According to gel-filtration experiments, alpha- and beta-thymosins appear to form oligomers, which are 4-5-fold larger than the corresponding polypeptides. However, on analysis by sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation, prothymosin alpha and t…
Cellular immune response to localized upper respiratory viral infection was studied in two groups of healthy volunteers infected with an unnumbered rhinovirus serotype (Hanks). In the first group of 18 volunteers, serum levels of thymosin alpha 1 ros…
An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for measurement of human serum thymosin beta 4 is described. Antiserum to synthetic thymosin beta 4, raised in rabbits, is incubated with a standard or serum. The unbound antibody in liquid-phase then binds with solid-phas…
We have developed a rapid, efficient, and reproducible two-step method for the purification of thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4) from thymosin fraction 5 (TF5). This purification is based on the use of high-performance preparative/semi-preparative and analy…
An extract of a tumour metastases from a human medullary thyroid carcinoma contained a high concentration (at least 2.9 nmol/g wet weight) of the immunoregulatory peptide, thymosin-beta 4. The peptide was isolated as a mixture of two components with…
Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) was measured in 21 patients with Crohn's disease, in 15 patients with ulcerative colitis, in 12 patients with non-IBD gastrointestinal disease (disease control), and…
Two new thymosin beta 4-like peptides have been detected in ovaries of Xenopus laevis and Rana esculenta. Previously, it was reported that thymosin beta 4 can be found in various species, from mammals to amphibians, e.g., in X. laevis [S. Erickson-Vi…
Differential screening of cDNA libraries was used to detect and prepare probes for mRNAs that are regulated in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells by long-term (2-week) treatment with nerve growth factor (NGF). In response to NGF, PC12 cells change from…
A simple one-step procedure for the determination of thymosin beta 4 in whole blood, various blood corpuscles, plasma and serum by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is described. The blood cells were isolated by a Ficoll de…
A rat spleen cDNA library was prepared and employed for the molecular cloning of the cDNA for thymosin beta 10, a peptide that previously had been found to accompany the closely related peptide, thymosin beta 4, in several species of mammals (S. Eric…
Gonadal steroids play an important role in the development and regulation of the immune system. Their effects may be mediated through a thymus-hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis. The thymus gland secretes factor(s), including thymosin beta 4, that a…
Thymosin fraction 5 polypeptides beta 4 and alpha 1 were tested for their ability to affect certain immunological parameters of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). PBL were cultured with various concentrations of the peptides for 24 hours. Thym…