A GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
In 2025, nephrology saw major advances in diagnosing and managing chronic kidney diseases. A new diagnostic framework, CKDx (chronic kidney disease of unexplained cause), was proposed to standardize patient evaluation by integrating genetic and histo…
BACKGROUND: Psychotropic medications are associated with serious metabolic adverse effects, which contribute to an increased risk of cardiometabolic comorbidities in patients with severe mental illness (SMI). Several intervention strategies are avail…
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is an increasingly prevalent condition that poses significant public health challenges. Affecting nearly 30% of the global p…
INTRODUCTION: Semaglutide, a GLP-1R agonist (GLP-1RA), has demonstrated high efficacy in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Few data in literature are available regarding the use of this agent in patients affected by latent autoimmune diabetes…
BACKGROUND: Incretin-based therapies such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ras), dual GLP-1/GIP agonists and amylin analogues have demonstrated significant weight loss benefits. However, their impact on skeletal muscle mitochondrial…
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To synthesize current evidence supporting intentional weight reduction as a cardiometabolic strategy for treating and preventing heart failure (HF) across the ejection-fraction spectrum, examine the influence of baseline obesity on…
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is highly prevalent in India, creating an urgent need for effective management interventions. The study hypothesizes that synthetic semaglutide has comparable safety and efficacy to the innovator drug when used in obese adults f…
Pharmacotherapy is a key component of obesity management, yet treatment failure remains a prevalent challenge in clinical practice. Such failure may present as insufficient pharmacological response, early discontinuation, or post-treatment weight reg…
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based medications, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, have transformed obesity care. However, rising use brings concerns about side effects, long-term outcomes, and unregulated products. Ensuring safe access requires…
Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. While protein-based therapies like glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) re…
BACKGROUND: The gut microbiome is a critical regulator of host health, but how it mediates the therapeutic effects of drugs targeting neurodegenerative diseases like diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is unclear. Here, we investigated whether the ne…
Type 2 diabetes and obesity impact billions of people and the global prevalence is only growing. Current treatment options, which include pharmacotherapy, e.g., GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and bariatric surgical approaches have limitations. GLY…
OBJECTIVES: To analyze published cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) for the 15 drugs selected for the Initial Price Applicability Year 2027 by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. METHODS: We identified CEAs for the 15 drugs from the Tufts…
BACKGROUND: Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is increasingly used for obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment. As its use rises among women of reproductive age, understanding its impact on fetal and neonatal health is essential.…
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Recent observational studies report conflicting evidence on whether semaglutide use is associated with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). This systematic review synthesizes available evidence and criticall…
Prediabetes is a frequently occurring condition with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are established antidiabetic agents, also used to treat obesity. T…
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) cirrhosis is rapidly rising globally. There are several therapeutic agents under clinical development for the treatment of cirrhosis due to MASH; however, thei…
Diabetic encephalopathy is a chronic neurodegenerative complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by cognitive decline, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired insulin signaling. Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist,…
People living with type 1 diabetes have significantly increased cardiovascular risk compared with the general population. Traditional risk factors include hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and obesity. However, those with type 1 diabetes contend with trea…