A synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from human gastric juice, studied for its regenerative and protective properties.
Injectable Peptide Therapy: A Primer for Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Physicians.
The American journal of sports medicine|2026|Mayfield C et al.
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic peptides are short-chain amino acids that regulate cellular functions and facilitate biochemical processes. In recent years, there has been significant growth in the global market for therapeutic peptides and thus its populari…
ReviewAnimal Study
PMID: 41476424
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats.
Current neuropharmacology|2026|Grubisic M et al.
This review explores the therapeutic potential of the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in addressing electrolyte imbalances, specifically hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypermagnesemia, and hyperlithiemia. In hyperkalemia, BPC 157 demonstrated a c…
Animal StudyIn Vitro
PMID: 41832718
Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.
Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews|2026|Rahman O, Lee S, Seeds W
Therapeutic peptides are emerging as promising adjuncts in the management of orthopaedic injuries, grounded in their ability to modulate molecular signaling networks central to cellular medicine. By acting on key pathways such as PI3K/Akt, mTOR, MAPK…
Review
PMID: 41490200
Tracheocutaneous Fistula Resolved by Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy Through the NO-System-Triple NO-Agent Approach in Rats.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2026|Madzarac G et al.
This 7-day rat tracheocutaneous fistula study considered the not-studied issues of tracheocutaneous fistula course, wound healing, and fistula in the NO-system relations. Therefore, we focused on fistulas' severe course, tracheocutaneous fistula → ai…
Animal Study
PMID: 41599743
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Characterization of Aortic Wall Remodeling by Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 After Unilateral Adrenalectomy in Rats.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2026|Smoday I et al.
No Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies have directly evaluated adrenalectomy vessels, the technique's established ability to probe collagen/elastin-associated spectral features and lipid peroxidation-related signatures, and protein…
Animal Study
PMID: 41599787
Conventional Antiarrhythmics Class I-IV, Late INa Inhibitors, IKs Enhancers, RyR2 Stabilizers, Gap Junction Modulators, Atrial-Selective Antiarrhythmics, and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Useful Cytoprotective Therapy in Arrhythmias.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2026|Sikiric P et al.
This review examines and hypothesizes cytoprotection as a conceptual therapeutic criterion for antiarrhythmic drugs, referring to the possibility of suppressing arrhythmias while avoiding adverse electrophysiological or systemic effects. Toward a the…
ReviewAnimal StudyIn Vitro
PMID: 41754776
Tendon, Ligament, and Muscle Injury, Osteotendinous, Myotendinous, and Muscle-to-Bone Junction Therapy Perspectives with Growth Factors and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157-A Review.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2026|Matek D et al.
As a novel theoretical and practical advantage, preclinical to clinical evidence, this systematic review of PRP, growth factors, and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 efficacy in complex musculoskeletal and junctional injuries emphasizes the cy…
ReviewAnimal Study
PMID: 41754849
Cytoprotection as a Unifying Strategy for Hemorrhage and Thrombosis: The Role of BPC 157 and Related Therapeutics.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2026|Sikiric P et al.
This review presents an innovative and timely exploration of how cytoprotection can serve as a cohesive therapeutic approach by which to address the hemorrhage-thrombosis paradox. Presenting counteraction of both hemorrhage and thrombosis as phase-de…
Review
PMID: 41901308
From Regeneration to Analgesia: The Role of BPC-157 in Tissue Repair and Pain Management.
International journal of molecular sciences|2026|Yuan C et al.
Body Protective Compound-157 (BPC-157) is a synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from gastric proteins that has demonstrated notable reparative and anti-inflammatory properties across diverse preclinical models. Experimental evidence reveals that BPC-1…
Review
PMID: 41898733
Acute Compartment Syndrome and Intra-Abdominal Hypertension, Decompression, Current Pharmacotherapy, and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Solution.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2025|Sikiric P et al.
In this study, pharmacotherapies of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) in animal studies were reviewed from the perspective of ACS/IAH as failed cytoprotection issues, as non-specific injuries, and from the po…
Review
PMID: 40573261
Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study.
Alternative therapies in health and medicine|2025|Lee E, Burgess K
BACKGROUND: For years, the peptide Body Protection Compound 157 (BPC-157) has been used to treat partial muscle or tendon tears. Few studies on humans have been published, with none on the intravenous use of BPC-157 in humans. OBJECTIVE: This IRB-app…
PMID: 40131143
Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide-Literature and Patent Review.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2025|Józwiak M et al.
BPC 157, known as the "Body Protection Compound", is a pentadecapeptide isolated from human gastric juice that demonstrated its pleiotropic beneficial effects in various preclinical models mimicking medical conditions, such as tissue injury, inflamma…
Review
PMID: 40005999
Injectable Therapeutic Peptides-An Adjunct to Regenerative Medicine and Sports Performance?
Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association|2025|DeFoor M, Dekker T
High-level athletes and bodybuilders are constantly seeking novel therapies to enhance recovery and expedite return from injury-injectable peptides are a new and trending therapy that may be the wave of the future in the realm of regenerative medicin…
Review
PMID: 39265666
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy and Safety Key: A Special Beneficial Pleiotropic Effect Controlling and Modulating Angiogenesis and the NO-System.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2025|Sikiric P et al.
Although approached through many concepts, the pleiotropic healing issue, specifically, maintaining/reestablishing tissue integrity, remains a central challenge in pharmacology, particularly when the process is misdirected or not properly controlled.…
ReviewAnimal StudyIn Vitro
PMID: 40573323
Protective Effects of BPC 157 on Liver, Kidney, and Lung Distant Organ Damage in Rats with Experimental Lower-Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)|2025|Demirtaş H et al.
: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can affect multiple distant organs following I/R in the lower extremities. BPC-157's anti-inflammatory and free radical-neutralizing properties suggest its potential in mitigating ischemia-reperfusion damage. This…
Animal Study
PMID: 40005408
Challenge of Corneal Ulcer Healing: A Novel Conceptual Framework, the "Triad" of Corneal Ulcer Healing/Corneal Neovascularization/Intraocular Pressure, and Avascular Tendon Healing, for Evaluation of Corneal Ulcer Therapy, Therapy of Neovascularization, Glaucoma Therapy, and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Efficacy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2025|Masnec S et al.
To better address the challenge of corneal ulcer healing, with already available standard agents, and those recently introduced, such as stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, we introduced a novel conceptual framework-the "triad" of corneal ulcer…
ReviewAnimal Study
PMID: 41471311
Withdrawn: Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats.
Current neuropharmacology|2025|Grubisic M et al.
UNLABELLED: The article has been withdrawn at the author's request from the website of the journal Current Neuropharmacology. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial P…
Animal Study
PMID: 39865815
BPC 157 Therapy: Targeting Angiogenesis and Nitric Oxide's Cytotoxic and Damaging Actions, but Maintaining, Promoting, or Recovering Their Essential Protective Functions. Comment on Józwiak et al. Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide-Literature and Patent Review.2025,, 185.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)|2025|Sikiric P et al.
The healing issue is a central, not completely understood, problem in pharmacology, approached by many concepts. One of the most well-known is Robert's and Szabo's concept of cytoprotection, which holds innate cell (epithelial (Robert), endothelial (…
Animal StudyIn Vitro
PMID: 41155565
Regeneration or Risk? A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Healing.
Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine|2025|McGuire F et al.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This scoping review aims to evaluate the molecular mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and safety concerns of Body Protective Compound-157 (BPC-157) in the context of musculoskeletal healing. Given the compound’s increasing availabi…
Review
PMID: 40789979
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy After Surgical Detachment of the Quadriceps Muscle from Its Attachments for Muscle-to-Bone Reattachment in Rats.
Pharmaceutics|2025|Matek D et al.
BACKGROUND: This is a novel rat study using native peptide therapy, focused on reversing quadriceps muscle-to-bone detachment to reattachment and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 per-oral therapy for shared muscle healing and function restorat…
Animal Study
PMID: 39861766